Foundation Drilling: Nei Zvichinyanya Kukosha?

Muzvirongwa zvakakura zvekuvaka, kuchera hwaro inzira yakakosha uye yakakosha, asi kazhinji inokosheswa. Kunyangwe mukuvaka mabhiriji kana kuvaka skyscrapers, kudhirowa kwefandesheni kunoita basa rakakosha. Vanhu vazhinji vangashamisika kuti chii uye nei ichikosha zvakadaro. Nhasi, chinyorwa ichi chichapindura iyi mibvunzo mumwe nemumwe. Ngatitange netsanangudzo.

Chii chinonzi Foundation Drilling?

Kuchera nheyo, muchidimbu, kushandisa mahombe ekuchera kuchera makomba mahombe pasi pasi. Chinangwa ndechekuisa zvivakwa zvakaita sema piers, ma caissons, kana ma bored piles ayo anoshandiswa sezvitsigiso zvehwaro zvakadzika mumakomba.

Kuchera nheyo inzira yakaoma kwazvo inosanganisira nzira dzakasiyana siyana uye matekiniki. Sezvambotaurwa pamusoro apa, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa yekuchera faundesheni ndeyekuisa zvimiro zvakaita semirwi kuti iwedzere kutakura mutoro wenheyo, kunyanya kumapurojekiti matsva. Zvinganzwika sezviri nyore, asi chaizvoizvo zvakaoma zvikuru. Iyo Foundation yekuchera maitiro inoda hunyanzvi hwakakura mukuchera pamwe nekubatana kwakanaka. Pamusoro pezvo, pane zvimwe zvinhu zvinoda kutariswa, zvinosanganisira mamiriro ekunze, kuumbwa kwevhu, nharaunda, mamiriro asingatarisirwe, nezvimwe.

Nei Hwaro Hwakadzika Huchidiwa?

Kune zvivakwa zviduku sedzimba, nheyo isina kudzika iyo iri pamusoro pevhu kana kuti pasi payo inoshanda zvakanaka. Zvisinei, kune akakura semabhiriji nezvivako zvirefu, nheyo isina kudzika ine ngozi. Pano panouya nheyo yekuchera. Kuburikidza neiyi nzira inoshanda, tinogona kuisa “midzi” yenheyo pasi pasi kuti imise chivako kuti chirege kunyura kana kufamba. Bedrock ndiyo yakaomesesa uye isingazungunuke chikamu pasi pevhu, saka muzviitiko zvakawanda, isu tinozorora mirwi kana makoramu enheyo pamusoro payo kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye kugadzikana.

Foundation Drilling Nzira

Kune akati wandei akajairwa nheyo dzekuchera nzira dzakakurumbira nhasi.

Kelly Drilling

Chinangwa chikuru chekucheresa kelly ndechekuchera mirwi yakakura-dhayamita yakabhowa. Kelly drilling anoshandisa chibooreso chinonzi "kelly bar" icho chine mukurumbira nekugadzira kwayo telescopic. Iine telescopic dhizaini, "kelly bar" inogona kupinda zvakadzika muvhu. Iyi nzira inokodzera chero rudzi rwedombo nevhu, uchishandisa core barrels, augers, kana mabhaketi aneinotsiviwa carbide-tipped bullet mazino.

Pamberi pekuchera kunotanga, chimiro chenguva pfupi chekudzivirira chinotangwa pachine nguva. Chibooreso chinobva chatambanukira pasi pemurwi woboora pasi. Zvadaro, tsvimbo inobviswa kubva mugomba uye chimiro chekusimbisa chinoshandiswa kusimbisa gomba. Iye zvino, murwi wekudzivirira kwenguva pfupi unobvumirwa kubviswa uye gomba rinozadzwa nekrete.

Kuenderera Kwendege Kuwedzera

Continuous flight augering (CFA), zvakare yakanzi auger cast piling, inonyanya kushandiswa kuchera makomba ekukanda-mu-nzvimbo mirwi uye inokodzera kunyorova uye granular pasi mamiriro. CFA inoshandisa chibooreso chakareba chine basa rekuunza ivhu nedombo pamusoro panguva yekugadzira. Zvichakadaro, kongiri inobayiwa neshaft pasi pekumanikidzwa. Mushure mekunge chibooreso che auger chabviswa, kusimbiswa kunopinzwa mumakomba.

Reverse Circulation Air Injection Drilling

Kana zvibhorani zvakakura zvichidikanwa, kunyanya maburi anosvika 3.2-mita dhayamita, iyo reverse circulation air injection drilling (RCD) inoshandiswa. Kazhinji, RCD inoshandisa hydraulic circulation drilling. Mvura inoyerera munzvimbo yegore pakati pechibhorani nemadziro echibhorani inopeperetswa nepombi yoyerera ichienda pasi pegomba. Panguva iyi, drill cuttings inoendeswa kumusoro.

Kuchera pasi-paburi

Kuchera pasi-the-hole (DTH) kwakanakira mapurojekiti ane chinodiwa chekupwanya matombo akaomarara nematombo. Iyi nzira inoshandisa sando yakagadzikwa pachibooreso chiri kumucheto kwechibooreso.Carbide mabhataniinoiswa munyundo kuti iwedzere upenyu hwayo hwebasa. Sezvo chibooreso chinotenderera, mweya wakadzvanyirirwa unogadzira dzvinyiriro yakakwira kuti ifambise sando mberi kuti iputse uye inokanganisa matombo. Zvichakadaro, drill cuttings inotorwa kunze kwegomba kusvika kumusoro.

Bata Drilling

Seimwe yenzira dzekare dzakaoma dzekuchera, kubata kuchera kuchiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya mazuva ano. Inoshandiswa pakuchera matsime ane madhayamita madiki ekuchera kana kugadzira mirwi yakakandwa-munzvimbo ine madhayamita makuru. Kuchera kunoshandisa claw ine kona yakarembera pa crane kusunungura ivhu nematombo uye wobva wazvibata pamusoro.