Kubowola Maziko: Chifukwa Chiyani Ndikofunikira?

M’ntchito zomanga zazikulu, kubowola maziko ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri komanso yofunika kwambiri, koma nthawi zambiri anthu sayamikiridwa. Kaya pomanga milatho kapena nyumba zosanjikizana, kubowola maziko kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Anthu ambiri akhoza kudabwa kuti ndi chiyani komanso chifukwa chake ndi chofunika kwambiri. Lero, nkhaniyi iyankha mafunso amenewa limodzi ndi limodzi. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi tanthauzo.

Kodi Foundation Drilling Ndi Chiyani?

Kubowola maziko, mwachidule, kumagwiritsa ntchito zida zazikulu zoboola kuti zibowole maenje akulu pansi. Cholinga chake ndikuyika zomangira monga ma piers, ma caissons, kapena milu yoboola yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zochiritsira maziko mkati mwa mabowo.

Kubowola maziko ndi njira yovuta kwambiri yomwe imaphatikizapo njira ndi njira zosiyanasiyana. Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ntchito yodziwika bwino yobowola maziko ndikuyika zomangira ngati milu kuti ziwonjezeke kunyamula katundu wa maziko, makamaka ntchito zatsopano. Zingamveke zosavuta, koma zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Kubowola kwa Foundation kumafuna ukadaulo wochulukirapo pakubowola komanso kugwirizanitsa bwino. Kuonjezera apo, pali zinthu zina zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa, kuphatikizapo nyengo, kapangidwe ka nthaka, malo ozungulira, zochitika zosayembekezereka, ndi zina zotero.

N'chifukwa Chiyani Maziko Ozama Ndi Ofunika?

Kwa nyumba zazing'ono ngati nyumba, maziko osaya omwe ali pamtunda kapena pansi pake amagwira ntchito bwino. Komabe, kwa zazikulu monga milatho ndi nyumba zazitali, maziko osaya ndi owopsa. Apa pakubwera pobowola maziko. Kupyolera m’njira yogwira mtima imeneyi, tikhoza kuika “mizu” ya maziko pansi pa nthaka kuti nyumbayo isamire kapena kusuntha. Bedrock ndiye gawo lolimba kwambiri komanso losasunthika pansi pa nthaka, kotero nthawi zambiri, timapumula milu kapena mizati ya maziko pamwamba pake kuti titsimikizire chitetezo ndi bata.

Njira Zobowola Maziko

Pali njira zingapo zobowola maziko zomwe ndizodziwika masiku ano.

Kelly Drilling

Cholinga chachikulu cha kubowola kelly ndikubowola milu yoboola m'mimba mwake. Kubowola kwa Kelly kumagwiritsa ntchito ndodo yobowola yotchedwa "kelly bar" yomwe imadziwika ndi kapangidwe kake ka telescopic. Ndi mapangidwe a telescopic, "kelly bar" imatha kulowa pansi kwambiri. Njirayi ndi yoyenera pamtundu uliwonse wa miyala ndi dothi, pogwiritsa ntchito migolo yapakati, augers, kapena ndowa zokhala ndiMano a zipolopolo osinthika a carbide.

Ntchito yobowola isanayambe, kamangidwe kakanthawi kochepa kachitetezo kumakhazikitsidwa pasadakhale. Ndodo yobowolayo imapitirira pansi pa muluwo ndikubowola pansi. Kenako, ndodo imachotsedwa pa dzenjelo ndipo chimango chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbikitsa dzenjelo. Tsopano, mulu wotetezera kwakanthawi umaloledwa kuchotsedwa ndipo dzenje limadzazidwa ndi konkire.

Kuwonjezeka kwa Ndege Mopitiriza

Continuous flight augering (CFA), yomwe imatchedwanso kuti auger cast piling, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kukumba mabowo a milu yoponyedwa m'malo ndipo imakhala yoyenera pa nthaka yonyowa komanso ya granular. CFA imagwiritsa ntchito kubowola kwa auger kwautali ndi ntchito yobweretsa dothi ndi miyala pamwamba panthawiyi. Pakalipano, konkire imalowetsedwa ndi shaft pansi pa kupanikizika. Pambuyo pobowola auger kuchotsedwa, kulimbikitsa kumalowetsedwa m'mabowo.

Reverse Circulation Air Injection Drilling

Pakafunika zibowo zazikulu, makamaka zibowo zofikira mita 3.2 m'mimba mwake, njira yobowola jekeseni wa mpweya (RCD) imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, RCD imagwiritsa ntchito kubowola kwa hydraulic circulation. Madzi amadzi mumpata wodutsa pakati pa bowolo ndi khoma la bowolo amathamangitsidwa ndi mpope ndikuyenderera mpaka pansi pa dzenje. Panthawi imeneyi, zodulidwa zobowola zimaperekedwa pamwamba.

Kubowola Pansi Pansi

Kubowola pansi pa bowo (DTH) ndikoyenera kumapulojekiti omwe amafunikira kuthyola miyala yolimba ndi miyala. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsa ntchito nyundo yomwe imayikidwa pabowo kumapeto kwa ndodo.Makatani a Carbideamaikidwa mu nyundo kuti atalikitse moyo wake wautumiki. Pamene chobowolacho chikuzungulira, mpweya woponderezedwa umapangitsa kuti nyundoyo iyambe kusweka ndi kukhudza miyala. Panthawiyi, kubowola cuttings ikuchitika mu dzenje pamwamba.

Gwirani Kubowola

Monga imodzi mwa njira zakale kwambiri zobowolera zowuma, kubowola kowuma kumagwiritsidwabe ntchito kwambiri masiku ano. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola zitsime zokhala ndi ma diameter ang'onoang'ono obowola kapena kupanga milu yoponyedwa ndi ma diameter akulu. Kubowola kumagwiritsa ntchito chikhadabo chokhala ndi malekezero olendewera pa crane kumasula dothi ndi miyala ndikuzigwira pamwamba.